The fall of the Persian Empire to Alexander the Great turned into a result of a sequence of military campaigns called Alexander's Conquests, which culminated in the decisive Battle of Gaugamela in 331 BCE. Here is an outline of the important thing events main to the autumn of the Persian Empire:

Battle of Issus (333 BCE): The first primary war of words between Alexander the Great and the Persian King Darius III took place at the Battle of Issus. In this battle, fought in 333 BCE, Alexander decisively defeated the Persian forces. Darius fled the battlefield, leaving his circle of relatives and treasury at the back. This victory allowed Alexander to secure management over lots of Asia Minor.

Phoenician and Egyptian Campaigns: After the Battle of Issus, Alexander moved south, taking pictures of key Phoenician towns which include Tyre and Sidon. He then entered Egypt, where he was welcomed as a liberator by the Egyptians who resented Persian rule. In 331 BCE, he founded the city of Alexandria at the mouth of the Nile.

Battle of Gaugamela (331 BCE): The decisive encounter between Alexander and Darius befell in the Battle of Gaugamela, close to the town of Arbela. In this war, Darius fielded a sizable military, hoping to crush the Macedonian forces. However, Alexander hired progressive approaches, inclusive of a feigned retreat followed by a decisive counterattack. The Macedonians broke through the Persian strains, and Darius all over again fled the battlefield.

Capture of Persepolis: Following the Battle of Gaugamela, Alexander persisted in his boost into the heart of the Persian Empire. In 330 BCE, he captured the Persian capital, Persepolis. The town became largely destroyed, and the precise instances of its destruction continue to be a topic of historic debate. Some accounts endorse that it turned into a result of a planned act ordered by Alexander, even as others propose that it could have been resulting from a fireplace.

Persian Royal Family and Darius's Assassination: Despite Darius's repeated tries to rally resistance against Alexander, he turned into subsequently betrayed and assassinated through his very own satraps (governors) in 330 BCE. The homicide of Darius removed the last significant authority opposing Alexander's conquest.

Pursuit of Bessus: After Darius died, a Persian noble named Bessus proclaimed himself the brand-new king. Alexander pursued Bessus into Central Asia, and Bessus was eventually captured and done in 329 BCE.

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