Guru Arjan Dev was Guru Ram Das Ji's smallest of three sons.
Guru Arjan
was the first of the two Sikh Gurus to be murdered, and the 5th of the ten Gurus in total. He created the
Adi Granth, the first official version of Sikh scripture, which was eventually extended into the Guru Granth Sahib.
He was the youngest son of Bhai Jetha, who subsequently became Guru Ram Das, and Mata Bhani, the child of Guru Amar Das, and was born in Goindval, Punjab. After the
fourth Sikh Guru created Amritsar and erected a pool, he completed the building of
Darbar Sahib. Guru Arjan gathered hymns from past Gurus and other monks into the Adi Granth, the Sikh scripture's first volume, and deposited it in the Harimandir Sahib.
Guru Arjan restructured Guru Ram Das' Masand's system by advising that Sikhs contribute one-tenth of their money,
commodities, or
trade to the Sikh organization, if feasible. The Masand not only collected the money but also taught Sikhism and helped with civil issues in their community. The dasvand provided funding for the construction of gurdwaras and langars.
Mughal Emperor Jahangir had Guru Arjan jailed and ordered him to delete any allusions to Hinduism and Islam from his text. In 1606 CE, he was strangled to death for refusing to submit. Guru Arjan was either drowned or killed as a consequence of torture, according to ancient records and Sikh religion.
His sacrifice is considered a turning point in the history of
Sikhism. According to the Nanakshahi calendar produced by the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee in 2003, it is commemorated as Guru Arjan's Shaheedi Divas in May or June.