Islam views the concept of jihad as a multifaceted and nuanced concept with different dimensions. The term "jihad" is derived from the Arabic root word "jahada," which means to strive or exert effort. In Islamic theology, jihad refers to the spiritual struggle of an individual to uphold and practice their faith in all aspects of life. It encompasses both internal and external struggles and can be understood in various contexts. Here are some key aspects of how Islam views the concept of jihad:

Internal Struggle: Jihad, in its primary and most fundamental sense, refers to the internal struggle of an individual to purify their heart and soul, striving to adhere to the principles and teachings of Islam. This internal struggle involves battling against personal vices, temptations, and desires in order to attain spiritual growth and closeness to God. It emphasizes self-discipline, self-control, and the constant effort to improve one's character and actions.

Intellectual Struggle: Jihad also encompasses the intellectual struggle to understand and propagate the message of Islam. It involves engaging in intellectual discourse, seeking knowledge, and defending the faith against misconceptions and misinterpretations. Muslims are encouraged to use reason, logic, and respectful dialogue to spread awareness and understanding of Islam's teachings.

Social and Moral Struggle: Jihad extends to the social and moral dimensions of life. It emphasizes the responsibility of Muslims to strive for a just and equitable society, working towards the betterment of their communities and standing up against injustice, oppression, and inequality. This includes promoting social welfare, supporting charitable causes, and advocating for the rights of the marginalized and disadvantaged.

Physical Defense: In certain circumstances, when faced with aggression or persecution, Islam allows for self-defence. This aspect of jihad refers to the physical struggle to protect oneself, family, community, or religion itself from harm or aggression. However, it is important to note that Islam places strict conditions and regulations on armed conflict, emphasizing proportionality, avoidance of harm to non-combatants, and adherence to ethical principles.

Striving for Goodness: Jihad also involves striving to do good deeds and acts of kindness. It encourages Muslims to actively engage in acts of charity, service to humanity, and efforts to promote peace, harmony, and justice. Acts of kindness, forgiveness, and reconciliation are considered important manifestations of jihad.

It is crucial to understand that jihad, in its essence, is not synonymous with terrorism or violence. Islam unequivocally condemns acts of terrorism, violence against innocent people, and the use of jihad as a justification for such acts. The overwhelming majority of Muslims worldwide interpret jihad in its broader sense of striving for personal and collective righteousness and do not endorse or support terrorism.

It is worth mentioning that interpretations of jihad have varied throughout history and across different Islamic scholars and schools of thought. There have been instances where the concept of jihad has been misused or misinterpreted for political or extremist purposes. However, such interpretations do not reflect the broader understanding of jihad within the Islamic faith.