• A protocol is a set of rules that control the transmission of data. It establishes what should be conveyed, how it should be communicated, and when it should be communicated. Syntax, semantics, and time are the three most important aspects of a protocol.
• The term syntax relates to the data's structure or format, or the order in which it is delivered.
• The meaning of each chunk of bits is referred to as semantics.
• When we talk about timing, we're talking about two things: when data should be transmitted and how quickly it can be sent.

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