The two protocols that handle email traffic (send and receive, respectively) over the internet are POP and SMTP.
The outgoing
server uses
SMTP ('Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) to send and deliver messages from a client to a server through port 25.
POP ('Post Office Protocol'), on the other hand, permits the user to pick up the message and save it to his own inbox: it's the incoming server. POP3, the most recent version of the Post Office Protocol, has been in use since 1996.