What is Normalization in Database ?

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Why Normalization concept is used in the database.

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  1. Normalization is a process in database design that organizes data into tables in a way that minimizes data redundancy and dependency. The goal of normalization is to create a structured design that is efficient for inserting, updating, and querying data. There are several normal forms, each with a specific set of rules for organizing data. First Normal Form (1NF) requires that each table have a primary key, and that each column in the table contains only atomic (indivisible) values. In other words, there should be no repeating groups of data in a column. Second Normal Form (2NF) builds on 1NF and requires that each non-primary key column in a table be functionally dependent on the primary key. This means that each column must be directly related to the primary key and not dependent on any other non-primary key column. Third Normal Form (3NF) builds on 2NF and requires that all non-primary key columns in a table be functionally independent of each other. This means that no non-primary key column should be dependent on another non-primary key column. There are also higher normal forms such as Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF) and Fourth Normal Form (4NF), but they are less commonly used in practice. Normalization is important for maintaining data integrity and reducing data redundancy, which can lead to performance and data consistency issues. However, normalization can also make it more difficult to query data, and so it is important to find a balance between normalization and ease of data access. - Pranit Malhotra 2 years ago

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“Normalization in Database”

Normalization is a process of organizing the huge amount of data into a database and reduces the dependency of relation table. It divides the large table into multiple sub-parts and links them as a relation. 


Types of Normalization
  •  First normal form(1NF)
  •  Second normal form(2NF)
  • Third normal form(3NF)
  • Boyce & Codd normal form (BCNF)
  •  Fourth normal form(4NF)
  • Fifth normal form(5NF)

First Normal Form(1NF) :
1NF describe the concept of atomic value, I mean an attribute of a column can’t have multiple values.

What is Normalization in Database ?


Second Normal Form(2NF) :
A table is said to be in 2NF if follow these conditions-
Table must follow the rule of 1NF (First normal form) and all attributes are dependent on a primary key attribute.

What is Normalization in Database ?


Third Normal Form (3NF) :
In 3NF, a table must follow the rule of 2NF and no any transitive dependency will exist.

What is Normalization in Database ?


Boyce & Codd normal form (BCNF) :
BCNF is the extension of 3NF and for every functional dependency A->B, A should be the super key of the table.

What is Normalization in Database ?


Fourth Normal Form(4NF) :
In 4NF, a table must follow the rule of BCNF and no any multi-valued dependency will exist.

What is Normalization in Database ?
What is Normalization in Database ?

Fifth Normal Form (5NF) :
In 5NF, a table must follow the rule of 4NF and no any join dependency will be allowed.

What is Normalization in Database ?



"Thanks!!! for Reading"

Arti Mishra
answered 6 years ago by Arti Mishra

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