It was established on 14 May 1914 during the British Raj and at that time it was named 'Ranchi European Lunatic Asylum'. Only European mental patients were treated here.

The institute is spread more than 210 sections of land in a rich green grounds. There are 16 wards - nine for male patients, six for female patients, and one nuclear family. CIP Ranchi is the biggest mental clinic in the entire of Asia. They have an all-out bed limit of 643. Each ward is structure type and has very much cleared streets and gardens surrounding it.

The wards were worked during the British Raj, and named after famous European specialists and doctors. The wards are in some good ways from one another, and the male and female areas are isolated by a high divider. In contrast to other mental clinics, CIP, Ranchi has never been a custodial consideration office. It has consistently been an open medical clinic and patients are never restricted to rooms. They are allowed to move inside the limits of the medical clinic.

Consistently, around 3000 patients are conceded and released after treatment. Customized tolerant consideration is a standard practice in the emergency clinic. Notwithstanding pharmacotherapy,

Electroconvulsive treatment, psychotherapy, and family intercessions are regularly utilized. A milieu treatment approach exists where patients partake in running wards and help care for different patients. Standard physical exercise, open-air, and indoor games, and yoga are close by for patients. Books in English, Hindi, Urdu, and Bengali just as a very much stacked library of a few papers and magazines are unreservedly accessible to patients.