Transport Layer & Host-to-Host Layer!

This layer work evidently within the layers which function committing a transaction of data without error. The transmitting end differentiates the application messages into chunks and passes them to the network layer. The acquiring end then matches the segments and transfers them to the application layer.

Services by the Transport Layer:

• Connection-Oriented Communication: Devices toward the end-purposes of a system correspondence set up a handshake convention to guarantee an association is robust before the information is traded. The shortcoming of this technique is that for each conveyed message, there is a prerequisite for an affirmation, adding extensive system stack contrasted with self-error-correcting packets. The rehashed demands cause huge log jam of system speed when blemished byte streams or datagrams are sent.
• Same Order Delivery: Assures that packets are forwarded in the destined sequence. The transport layer takes over the responsibility of the Network layer and solves all the discrepancies held because of the interruptions and packet drops
• Data Integrity: Using checksums, the information integrity over all the delivery layers can be guaranteed. These checksums ensure that the information transmitted is the same as the information got through rehashed endeavors made by different layers to have missing information despise.
• Flow Control: Devices are not able to interact thus are hidden with their personal potential considering the throughput of the data and thus can transfer the data at a faster pace and acquire the data to process it. Thus, it may cause a breakdown in the communication due to buffer overrun. In the same way, if the receiving device is not acquiring the data at the faster pace this may lead to buffer underrun, which hence, lead to the reduction in the efficiency of the network
• Traffic Control: Digital interchanges systems are liable to transmission capacity and handling speed limitations, which can mean a gigantic measure of the potential for information blockage on the system. This system blockage can influence practically all aspects of a system. The transport layer can distinguish the manifestations of over-burden hubs and diminished stream rates.
• Multiplexing: The transmission of the numerous packet is directed from other sources, globally the network devoted control mechanisms, which exist in the transport layer.
• Byte introduction: Some applications like to get byte streams rather than packets; the transport layer takes into account the transmission of byte-oriented information streams if required

Thus, talking about the fact that which layer is equivalent to transport layer is Host-to-Host Layer…

Now, let us ponder over what exactly a  host-to-Host Layer is:

The Host-to-Host layer is the lowest layer of the TCP/IP reference demonstrates. It joins the link layer and the physical layer of the ISO/OSI display. At this layer, information is exchanged between nearby system hubs in a WAN or between hubs on a similar LAN. The host-to-host layer gives the techniques to exchange information between organizing substances. It additionally gives mistake location and redress methodology, since the blunders may originate from the physical exchange. The host-to-host layer is in charge of physically transmitting the bit stream and recreating the "encircled" information from a got bitstream for the higher layers.

The information exchange at this layer is typically not end-to-end exchange. It is, in reality, an information exchange starting with one hub then onto the next, where "the other hub" may be the goal hub or a hub on the way to the goal. 

Hence, it can be interpreted that transport layer is equivalent to the host-to-host layer!

Cheers!