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In some U.S. presidential elections, the candidate with more votes nationwide has not become president. How does the Electoral College produce that outcome?
I’m interested in how state-level results translate into electoral votes, especially in close contests. Is this mainly a consequence of how the system was designed, or do winner-take-all rules in most states make the difference? I’m looking for a clear explanation of the Electoral College outcome, not an argument for or against the system.
