The 19th Amendment is often described as granting women the right to vote, but that wording can make the result sound more complete than it was. What barriers continued to keep many women—especially Black women and Native American women—from voting after ratification?
I’d like to understand how state and local rules, citizenship status, and voter intimidation shaped access to the ballot in the years that followed. Was enforcement of the amendment a major part of the problem, or were other legal barriers just as important?