State institutions are crippled directly by wars. During conflict, governments cannot provide services or protect the citizens. Vital systems such as police and courts are weak or break down. This leaves a power vacuum that is highly dangerous. It is very hard to rebuild these institutions once fighting ceases, leaving a legacy of political weaknesses and instability.
War is bound to ruin the national economies. Devastated roads and infrastructure and war materials consume the resources into weapons leaving people in abject poverty and joblessness. This devastating economic destruction does not allow new regimes to perform well. Financial breakdown comes in direct conflict with political stability even after the war has been won.
Wars intensify devastating social division on ethnic, religious, or regional basis. Neighbors become enemies and develop a lot of hatred and suspiciousness toward one another. Such partitions exist even following peace pacts. They cause the maintenance of political instability, making the establishment of a strong and legitimate government very difficult.
Recovery becomes complicated by external interferences in the conduct of wars. The factions are used by foreign powers or groups which help their own interests and not long term stability. Such involvement of the outside world in most cases hinders local solutions. Following the conflict, external influence ensures that the countries cannot develop their own stable political regimes.
There is a high failure of governance even after the war. New leaders are inexperienced or lack legitimacy or confidence of the people. The situation is severely worsened by the corruption that flourishes to control the few available resources. Armed groups are tough to manage through weak regimes and lack of law enforcement. This implicit government inability does not allow genuine stability of political leaders to materialize.
Conclusion:
Wars inherently destroy long term political stability. They kill state institutions, make economies incapacitated and deepen social cleavages. Cycles of unrest are caused by the external meddling and the inevitable collapse of weak, frequently corrupt, post war regimes. Reconstruction of stable political schemes needs to conquer these fundamental and interlaced obstacles, which ask colossal exertion and time.
