The theory of relativity given by Einstein transformed our perception of space and time. It demonstrated that they are not independent and autonomous but are interdependent as one and are referred to as spacetime. Time and distance measurements have to rely on relative motion of the observer. This went completely opposite to the Newtonian physics of earlier concepts.
The last spot that Special Relativity led to is the invariance of the speed of light at all times. It demonstrated that time and lengths are contracted (slowed) and spaces are expanded (becomes faster) to objects traveling at very high velocities as related to the observing individual. The measurements of space and time are relative, and not constant. This has combined space and time into spacetime.
General Relativity transformed gravity. Einstein was able to show that a vast amount of curving objects bend spacetime itself. The impression that we have is of gravity being a resultant effect of what the objects are doing on the curves in this bent spacetime. Gravity is geometric, it does not act at a distance.
The theory offered solutions to the problems which could not be addressed by Newtonian mechanics. It was able to correctly determine the exact orbit of Mercury. It also foretold that when light travels close to a big object such as the sun it would bend which was proved true according to the observation. These were some of the critical validations.
The key modern technologies have a relativity foundation. To give the accurate positioning of information, GPS satellite systems have to take into consideration the effect of dilation due to Special Relativity and the effect of gravity as related to General Relationship. The theory unveiled the dynamism of the structure of the universe.
Conclusion:
The relativity of Einstein transformed the physics that described the absolute space and time into a combined relative spacetime. Time and space are influenced by motion, and spacetime is curved by mass, which elucidates gravity geometrically. It solved century-old scientific issues and made possible such technologies as GPS. This theory forever changed the way we look at the overall composition of the universe.
