The International Criminal Court (ICC) plays a pivotal role in addressing human rights violations by serving as a global legal mechanism to prosecute individuals responsible for the most serious international crimes. The ICC, established by the Rome Statute in 1998, has jurisdiction over genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression.

When human rights violations fall within these categories, the ICC can step in to investigate and prosecute perpetrators. The Court operates on the principle of complementarity, meaning it complements national legal systems. It only intervenes when national authorities are unwilling or unable to genuinely prosecute the crimes.

The ICC's involvement begins with preliminary examinations to assess the admissibility of a case. If deemed appropriate, the Prosecutor initiates a formal investigation. Individuals accused of crimes may be summoned, arrested, and brought to trial at the ICC.

The Court also emphasizes victim participation, allowing those affected by crimes to present their views and concerns during proceedings. This fosters a more comprehensive understanding of the impact of human rights violations.

By holding individuals accountable for egregious crimes, the ICC contributes to deterrence and the promotion of justice, aiming to prevent future violations and foster a global commitment to upholding human rights.  

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