Earthquakes can have a significant impact on landscapes, leading to various geological and geomorphological changes.

1. Surface Ruptures

2. Landslides

3. Liquefaction

4. Surface Displacement

5. Tsunamis

6. Aftershocks

7. Ground Shaking

8. Formation of Fault-Related Landforms

9. Volcanic Activity

10. Changes in Watercourses

11. Uplift or Subsidence

12. Crustal Deformation

It's important to note that while earthquakes can have immediate and dramatic effects on landscapes, the geological and geomorphological changes can continue to evolve over extended periods. The study of earthquake impact on landscapes is essential for understanding the geological history of an area and assessing earthquake hazards for future mitigation and planning.