Plants that survive in deserts have evolved various adaptations to cope with the extreme environmental conditions, which include high temperatures, limited water availability, and nutrient-poor soil.

1. Water Storage

2. Reduced Leaf Surface

3. Waxy Coating

4. Shallow and Wide Root Systems

5. Dormancy

6. C4 and CAM Photosynthesis

7. Salt Tolerance

8. Deep Roots

9. Sparse Distribution

10. Heat Tolerance

11. Seed Adaptations

12. Associations with Microorganisms