Bahadur Shah-IIwas the last Mughal Emperor. He was also known as Zafar. 
He was born on 24 October 1775. He died in Burma in 1862.
The great Mughal Empire began with Babur in 1526. Mughal Empire has seen its rise during the rule of Akbar and fall during the rule of Aurangzeb.
- The reign of Aurangzeb has witnessed long war and great loss of treasures.
- Nadir Shah and Ahmad Shah Abdali further added to the drainage of wealth from the Mughal Empire. This weakens the Mughal Empire.
- The Rajput Kingdom emerged to be stronger during this period.
- The Sikhs had also formed strong political and military force.
- The Marathaswere rising from the south side.
The Mughals faced great challenges from all the uprising power- The Maratha, Sikhs, Rajputs and from Britishers as well.
There was a lack of a strong successor and the Mughal Kingdom began to weaken and finally fall.
Bahadur Shah Zafar was a weak emperor.
The Mughal Empire from Deccan in the 18th Century was already occupied by the Marathas. The rest was either declared Independent or converted into a small kingdom.
By the arrival of the East India Company in the mid 19th century, the Mughal Empire was completely captured and all it's political and military power came into the company's hand. Bahadur Shah was paid pension from EIC.
After the Indian Rebellion of 1857, Bahadur Shah was prisoned.
Zafar died on 7 Nov.1862.
