• Error-checking algorithms incorporated into some Random Access Memory (RAM) chips use a process known as parity. For every eight bits of data, parity chips have one additional bit. In the parity operation, the chip sums all the 1s as the eight bits receive binary data (data represented by 1s and 0s), and if the total is odd, the extra bit is set to 1. The Vertical Redundancy Check (VRC), often known as a parity check, is the most prevalent data error-checking and validation procedure.
• The extra bit is set to 0 if the sum is even.When the computer attempts to read each byte of data from the RAM, it calculates the total amount of 1s once more and compares the results to the parity bit. If the results are consistent, the data is considered error-free and can be transferred to the CPU.

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