• The network support layers are the physical layer, data link layer, and network layer. The layers control the physical data flow from one device to another. The user support layers are the session layer, presentation layer, and application layer. These layers allow unrelated software in different settings to communicate with one another. The transport layer is the link between the two groups.
• The purpose of the Physical Layer is to transport individual bits from one node to another through a physical media.
• The Data Link Layer is in charge of ensuring that data frames are reliably sent from one node to another via the physical layer.
• It creates sessions between users and provides features such as dialogue control and synchronisation.
• Through translation, compression, and encryption, the Presentation Layer keeps track of the syntax and semantics of transmitted data.
• The application layer provides users with high-level APIs (application programme interfaces).

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