In India, the appointment of Vice-Chancellors of universities is governed by the University Grants Commission (UGC) and the respective state governments. The UGC is a statutory body established by an Act of Parliament in 1956, with the mandate to promote and coordinate university education and maintain standards of higher education in India.

The UGC issues guidelines and regulations for the appointment of Vice-Chancellors of universities. According to the guidelines, the Vice-Chancellor is appointed by the Chancellor of the university, who is usually the Governor of the state. The Chancellor is the titular head of the university and has the power to make appointments, confer degrees, and perform other functions as prescribed by the university's statutes and regulations.

The appointment process for Vice-Chancellors is generally carried out by a Search Committee constituted by the Chancellor, as per the recommendations of the UGC. The Search Committee is usually chaired by a senior academician or a retired judge of the Supreme Court or High Court. It includes members from the academic community, industry, and other relevant fields, and is responsible for shortlisting and recommending suitable candidates for the position of Vice-Chancellor.

The candidates recommended by the Search Committee are then assessed by a Selection Committee, which is constituted by the Chancellor as per the recommendations of the UGC. The Selection Committee usually comprises of senior academicians, representatives from the government, and other eminent personalities. The committee is responsible for interviewing the candidates and making the final selection for the position of Vice-Chancellor.

Once the Selection Committee has made its recommendations, the Chancellor approves the appointment of the selected candidate as the Vice-Chancellor of the university. The Vice-Chancellor is appointed for a fixed term, as per the statutes and regulations of the university.

In conclusion, the appointment of Vice-Chancellors of universities in India is governed by the University Grants Commission and the respective state governments. The Chancellor of the university, usually the Governor of the state, is responsible for appointing the Vice-Chancellor on the recommendations of the Search and Selection Committees. The appointment process is carried out as per the guidelines and regulations issued by the UGC.