There are two types of material to purify the water: A Natural material and An Artificial Material

Let’s talk about natural material:-

Activated carbon is also known as the charcoal l used to purify water. It is very porous in nature removers the toxin present in the water. Charcoal is found from the earth crust and formed from decaying of plant and animal under heat and pressure for years. Charcoal has the property to stick contaminated particle inside its pores and filter out particles down to 1 micron including harmful lead, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxide etc.

Ceramic is made up of natural clay and after heating, it hardened permanently. They are a slow but effective water filter. The water is passed from the ceramics and the impurities like arsenic and microbes get distilled. The filter which is made up of ceramic is of low cost.

Using sand as the filter is a very ancient technique, around 2000 years old. It filters out mineral impurities like calcium, manganese, carbon dioxide, arsenic, and radioactivity. The water is passed through the sand bed, the insoluble impurities are captured by the sand and the purified and stain free is passes out.

The plant itself purifies his water for the transpiration by adding oxygen and removing carbon dioxide. Some of the plants also remove the metals and the toxins

                                                                                                  

• Carbon - Activated carbon, also known as charcoal, is a very porous type of carbon. It can be made from a variety of natural substances, including wood and peat moss. It helps purify water in a water filter by trapping contaminants, reports the Natural Resources Defense Council. The council also notes that carbon's positive charge also helps attract contaminants to the carbon. It's popular because it can remove common heavy metals like lead, as well as dissolved chemicals and some types of parasites.

• Ceramic - Ceramic water filters, fashioned from natural clay, works as a slow but effective filter medium, according to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The dirty water is pushed through the ceramic, and the ceramic captures impurities like arsenic and microbes. MIT says ceramic filters are popular in developing countries due to their cheap construction costs.

• Sand - A sand bed made from glauconite, a green clay, is extremely effective at filtering out mineral impurities in water, according to North Dakota State University. The university says that dirty water is pushed through the sand. Sand captures insoluble minerals and can be reused by rinsing it. However, sand is primarily used to get rid of minerals like manganese and iron, which affect water taste and also create mineral stains.

• Diatomaceous Earth - Diatomaceous earth is the crumbled form of a type of siliceous rock. When layered, its very fine texture helps to remove larger impurities like algae, as well as waterborne viruses, according to the National Drinking Water Clearinghouse. This makes diatomaceous earth-based water filters popular for recreational uses like swimming pools.