His real name was ‘Narendra Nath Bhattacharya’. He was born on March 21, 1887, at 24 Parganas, Bengal Presidency in British India. He is the well-known Philosopher of the 20th Century, as well as an Indian Revolutionary, Political Theorist, and Radical Activist. He took his education in Engineering and Chemistry from the Bengal Technical Institute.

During the end of the 19th Century, he became a revolutionary nationalist inspired by the writings of Bankim Chandra and Vivekanand. He founded the ‘Mexican Communist Party’ and the ‘Communist Party of India’. He took a communist movement active participation in the radical politics for the freedom of India. For this purpose, he formed the ‘Radical Democratic Party’ in the year 1940. The purpose of forming the Radical Democratic Party was to engage India in the war to support the allies. The 'Radical Democratic Party' came out from the league of Radical Congressman, which was founded in 1939 by M.N. Roy as well. From 1944 to 1948, the General Secretary of Radical Democratic Party was ‘V.M. Tarkunde’. Later, in 1948, the Radical Democratic Party dissolved and a new party evolved with the name of ‘The Radical Humanist Movement’.

While in December 1930, he was sentenced for 12 years of rigorous imprisonment. Then he, served in Bareilly Central Jail, whereas, on May 2, 1933, he appealed against it in Allahabad High Court. Due to which his imprisonment was reduced from 12 years to 6 years. During the imprisonment, his health suffered a lot and damages his Kidney, Lungs, Digestive Tract, Severe Infection in Ear, and it also causes loss of several teeth. After, completing the imprisonment period, he still worked actively for the country. And with a lot of struggles, he died at the age of 66 years on January 26, 1954, at Dehradun, Uttarakhand.