Jawaharlal Nehru was an anti-colonial patriot, secular philosopher, liberal democrat, and writer who dominated Indian politics in the mid-twentieth century. In the 1930s and 1940s, Nehru was a key figure in the Indian national struggle. He was India's prime minister for 17 years after the country gained sovereignty in 1947.

Lal Bahadur Shastri was a minister in India who served as the nation's second Prime Minister. He supported the Amul milk cooperative in Anand, Gujarat, and established the Countrywide Dairy Development Board to encourage the White Revolution, a national drive to improve milk demand and distribution. Shastri championed the Green Revolution in India in 1965, highlighting the need to increase India's food supplies. Foodgrain output increased as a result, particularly in Punjab, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh.

Indira Gandhi was an Indian politician and a key role in the Indian National Congress. She was India's third prime minister and the country's first and only female prime minister to date. India's first prime minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, had a child called Gandhi. She served as Prime Minister of India twice, from January 1966 to March 1977 and again from January 1980 to October 1984, making her India's second-longest-serving Prime Minister behind her father.